Big update due to IO parallelization and data assimilation

[arango]

This is a big update to various algorithms:

• Coded phase II of parallel IO. Many changes were made to the NetCDF calls in all the IO routines. All the IO is now under the umbrella of the routines defined in mod_netcdf.F.
• Corrected a parallel bug in mp_bcasti when broadcasting an integer 2D-array.
• All the broadcast routines now only have 3 arguments (ng, model, A) to avoid any compiler problem with the module interface.
• Massive changes to all the data assimilation algorithms were made to allow the adjustment of open boundary conditions (ADJUST_BOUNDARY). There is still more work needed in the error covariance convolution routines.
• Several new input NetCDF files are now needed for model, initial conditions, open boundary conditions, and surface forcing standard deviation used to convert correlations to error covariances (see s4dvar.in for details).
• Several new input/output files are now needed for model, initial conditions, open boundary conditions, and surface forcing error covariance normalization factors (see s4dvar.in for details).

For more details, please check the following forum ​post.

Many thanks to Andy Moore for his help in the data assimilation algorithms.